Load brake apparatus.



W. VA TURNER. LOAD BRAKE APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED MAY I7. I917-Patented Mar. 18, 1919.

3 SHEETSSHEET l- Maw \ww MN I I ,V

I I I I \W 5 W. V. TURNER.

LOAD BRAKE APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED MAY :7. I9)!- INVENTOR Walrehvfirmer Patented Mar. 18, 1919.

W. V. TURNER. LOAD BRAKE APPARATUS. APPLICATION Fl-LED MAY n.- l9l-7.

Patented Mar. 18, 19 19.

3'SHEETS-SHEET &

INVENTOR Wah erV. firmer WALTER v. TURNER,

or WILKINSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, AssIeNoR TO THE WESTING- HOUSE AIR. BRAKECOMPANY, OF WILMERDING, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

Application filed May17, 1917. Serial N 0. 169,208.

' To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WALTER V. TURNER, a citizen of the United States,residing at Wilkinsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State ofPennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Load BrakeApparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to fluid pressure brakes, and more particularlyto a brake apparatus adapted to be adjusted for empty and loaded. carbraking.

It has heretofore been proposed to provide an empty and load brakeapparatus in which an additional brake-cylinder and an additionalreservoir volume is provided for obtaining a braking power on the.loaded cars corresponding with the braking power on the empty cars, butwith the increasing Weight and capacity of modern freight cars,

the size of the brake voir volumes have had to be increased so that thetime required to volumes throughout the train has been increased to anundesirable degree, thus delaying the movement of trains and making thesafe control of the trains more diflicult.

The principal object of' my invention is to provide an empty and loadbrake equipment in which the consumption of air is reduced andconsequently the time of recharging the reservoir volumes is shortened.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the following more detaileddescription of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings; Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a loadbrake equipment, with the load brake cylinder in section, and embodyingmy invention; Fig. 2v

a central sectional view of the empty brake cylinder; Fig. 3 a centralsectional view of the empty and load brake valve device, showing theparts in the empty position, with the brakes released; and Fig. 4 asimilar view, showing the parts in load position,

with the brakes applied.

As shown in F g. lof the drawings, the load brake equipment may comprisean empty and load brake valve device 1, a load brake cylinder 2 and anempty brake cylinder 3.

The valve device] comprises a casing containing a change over valvedevice for adjusting the mechanism for empty or load Specification ofLetters Patent.

.by passages cylinders and the reser-- recharge the reservoir throughpassage 10 LOAD BRAKE APPARATUS.

Patented Mar. 18, 1919.

braking and a triple valve device for con trolling the application andrelease of the brakes.

The change over valve device comprises a piston 4 contained in pistonchamber 5 and a slide valve 6 contained in valve chamber 7 and thetriple valve device comprises a piston 8 contained in piston chamber 9connected by passage 10 with brake pipe 11 and a main slide valve 12-and a graduating valve in valve chamber 14, connected 15 and 16 tochamber 17, forming part of the auxiliary reservoir volume.

Chamber 18 formsthe other port-ion of the auxiliary reservoir volume,the reason for dividing the auxiliary reservoir volume being brought outhereinafter. The chamber 18 is connected to a. passage 19 leading to theseat of slide valve6, and in addition, there is provided a loadreservoir 20, having a passage 21, leading to the seat of slide valve 6.The empty brakecylinder 3, as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, containsa main brake cylinder p ston 22,connected to a take up brake cylinder23, which contains a takeup piston 24, for operating the brake cylin- 13contained der push rod 25.

When the take-up piston 24 actuates the push rod 25, it is necessary tolock the rod with respect to the main piston 22, and for this purpose,the rod 25 is provided with a series of notches 26 with which aprojection 27 of a pivoted lock lever 28 is adapted to engage. In therelease position of the parts, the lever 28 is held out of engagementwith the push rod 25 by means of a pin 29, Which engages the outer endof the brake cylinder 3 and acts against the end of lever 28.

As shown load brake cylinder 2 contains a piston 30 for operating a pushrod 31. In this case, a device 74 similar to that provided for the emptybrake cylinder is employed for look ing the push rod 31 when the same ispulled out by the preliminary action of the empty brake cylinder.

In operation, for empty cars, the manually operated valve 32 is seatedby the movement of the actuating. rod 33, as shown in Fig. 3, and theequipment is charged with fluid under pressure from the brake pipe 11 byflow to piston chamber 9 of the triple valve device.

Thence fluid flows in Fig. 1 of the drawings, the

through the usual feed groove 34 to valve chamber 14and from saidchamber, through piston of the empty brake cylinder is conpassages 15and 16 to auxiliary reservoir nected to the exhaust through passage 39,

chamber 17. Fluid also flows from piston cavity 62, passage 63, cavity64 in equalizing chamber 9 through a passage to valve slide valve'12,and passage 43, while pipe 5 chamber 7 and equalizes into piston chamber48, leading to the take-up piston 24, is con- 5 through a feed groove 36around piston 4- nected to the exhaust through passage 41, Fluid alsoflows from passage 16 through cavity 42, and passage 43.

cavity 37 in slide valve 6 to passage 19, so as, In order to effect aservice application of to charge auxiliary reservoir chamber 18 thebrakes, the brake pipe pressure is re- K 10 with fluid under pressure.duced and the equalizing piston 8 is shifted In the release position ofthe triple valve to application position, as shown in Fig. 4 device, theempty brake cylinder is conof the drawings. Fluid is then suppliednected to the exhaust through pipe 38, pasfrom the auxiliary reservoirchamber sage 39, cavity 40 in slide valve 6, passage 41, throughpassages 16 and 15 to valve chamber 16 cavit 42 in slide valve 12,, andpassage 43 '14 and thence through port 49, passage 41, whic leads to anexhaust pipe 44. and pipe 48 to the take-up piston 24, the The mainpiston 22 of the empty brake valve '46 being held open, so long as thecylinder is provided with a central seat 45, main piston 22 is inrelease position. which in release position is adapted to seat, Thepiston 24 then moves out to take up 20 as shown in Fig. 2 of thedrawings. In this brake shoe clearance, and the lost motion in position,a puppet valve 46 in the piston 22 the brake rigging. is unseated andopens communication from Fluid pressure supplied to the take-up take-uppiston 24 to a passage 47 and pipe 48 piston also fiows through passage41 and which opens to passage 41, so'thatthe takepassage 65 to theseated area of a valve pis- 25 u piston is also connected to theexhaust. ton 66 and when the take-up cylinder pres- In the emptyposition of the change over sure reaches a predetermined degree, thevalve device, the load reservoir 20 is conpressure of spring 67 on thevalve piston is nected to an exhaust port 78 through passage overcomeand the piston is lifted from its 21, and cavity 7 9 in slide valve 6,so that posseat, so as to permit fluid to flow from pas- 30 sibleleakage into said reservoir can escape. sage 65 to a passage 68 which isconnected A service application of the brakes may through cavity 62 inthe change over slide be effected in the usual manner by making valve 6with passage 39 and pipe 38. Fluid a gradual reduction in brake pipepressure, is therefore supplied from the auxiliary resso as to cause themovement of the triple ervoir chamber 17 to the main piston 22 of 35valve piston and slide valve to application the empty brake cylinder andas this p1s position. Port 49 in slide valve 12 then ,ton moves out, thelock lever 28 is permitted registers with passage 41, so that fluid isto engage the notches 26 of the push rod 25, supplied from the connectedauxiliary ressince the pin 29 can now move away from ervoir chambers 17and 18, through valve the lever 28. The push rod 25 is therefore 40chamber 14, to the empty brake cylinder 3 further actuated through themovement of both by way of pipe 38 and pipe 48. The the main piston 22to apply the brakes with main piston 22 therefore moves out with-theforce due to the air pressure acting on said take-up piston 24 to effectan application of piston.

the brakes in the usual way. The check valve 46 is provided for the 45If the apparatus is to be adjusted for load purpose of preventing flowfrom the take- 1 braking, the rod 33 is pulled outwardly by up cylinderto the main piston 22 when the the manual operation of lever 50 as shownsame lifts from its seat 45, as the drop in in Fig. 1, so as to unseatthe valve 32. pressure which would otherwise be produced Fluid is thenvented from piston chamber in the take-up cylinder might permit the 50 5to exhaust port 51, and the fluid pressure push rod 25 to move backbefore the lock in valve chamber 7 operates piston 4 so that lever 27could engage with the notches 26. the change over valve parts assume thepo- The empty and load brake cylinders are sitions shown in Fig. 4 ofthe drawings. so connected to the brake rigging, as shown,

When the apparatus is being charged, for example in my prior Patent No.

55 fluid flows through the feed groove 34 to 1,131,967, dated March 16,1915, that the valve chamber 14 and thence through paspush rod '31 ofthe load cylinder is pulled sages 15 and 16 to auxiliary reservoirchamout as the brakes are applied by the operaber 17. tion of the emptybrake cylinder piston and The auxiliary reservoir chamber 18 also upon apredetermined pressure being at- 60 is charged from passage 16 throughpastained in the empty brake cylinder, the same sage 60, containing acheck valve 61, an will act, through flow from cavity 62 to a leading topassage 19, and the load reservoir passage 69, on the exposed area of avalve 20 is also charged from passage 60 through piston 70 to lift sameagainst the resistance cavity 37 in slide valve 6 and passage 21. of aspring 71 and open communication 65 In release, the pipe 38 leading tothe mam from passage 69 to passage 7 2 and pipe 7 3,

which leads to the load brake cylinder 2 and the load brake cylinderpiston 30 is thereupon actuated to apply the brakes with increasedpower, the locking device 74 operating as in the case of'the empty brakecylinder, to lock the push rod 31 with respect to the piston 30. Whilethe brake cylinder area is thus suddenly increased, the braking power isnot abruptly increased because the fluid pressure is somewhat reduced byequalization from the empty brake cylinder into the load brake cylinder.

The outward movement of valve piston operates to open a check valve 75,so as to vent fluid from the spring side of valve piston 54, throughpassage 56, cavity 57 in equalizing slide valve 12, and passage 76 toexhaust port 77. V

In the load position of change over slide valve 6, the load reservoir 20is connected to the auxiliary reservoir chamber 18 through passage 21,cavity 37 in slide valve 6, and passage 19 and when the valve piston 54is lifted from its seat by venting fluid from the spring side thereof,communication is opened from the load reservoir 20 and the auxiliaryreservoir chamber 18, to the auxiliary reservoir chamber 17 from passage21 through passage 55, passage 53, cavity 52 in slide valve 6, andpassage 16.

It will thus be seen that upon supplying fluid to the load breakcylinder the auxiliary reservoir chamber 18 and the load reservoir 20are connected to the auxiliary reservoir chamber 17, so that uponfurther reductions in brake pipe pressure, the triple v valve deviceoperates to supply fluid from all three reservoirs to the of the emptyand the load brake cylinders.

In order to release the brakes, the brake pipe pressure is increased, soas to eflect the movement of the triple valve piston 8 to releaseposition, in which the empty brake cyl inder passage 41 is connected toexhaust pipe 44 through cavity 42 and passage 43'.

The fluid in the load brake cylinder 2 is released through passage 72,past the open valve piston 70 to passage 69, and thence through cavity62 in slide valve 6, passage 63, cavity 64 in slide valve 12, andpassage 43, to the exhaust.

After the load brake cylinder pressure has reduced to a predetermineddegree by exhaust through the passage 43, the valve piston 70 will moveto its inner seat and any fluid remaining in the load brake cylinderwill now exhaust through passage 72 to the exhaust port 77.

The movement of the equalizing valve device to release position, causesslide valve 12 to connect passage 58, through cavity 57, with passage56, so that fluid pressure in the load reservoir 20 is supplied to thespring side of the valve piston 44 and since load reservoir pressure isacting on the opposite combined volumes side thereof, the fluidpressures will be equalized, permitting the spring 59 to move the valvepiston to its seat.

When the brake cylinder pressure acting on the inner face of the valvepiston 66 has been reduced substantially to atmospheric pressure, saidvalve piston is moved to its inner seat by spring 67. In order toprevent possible leakage from opening the valve piston 66, a restrictedgroove 80 is provided for connecting the outer area of the valve pistonwith exhaust port 81, through an extension 82 of passage 68. Similarly,leakage to the outer area of valve piston 70 can escape through arestricted groove 83 and extension 84 of passage 72 to exhaust port'77.

An extension 85 of passage 55 also connects opposite sides of the valvepiston 54, in its seated position, so as to normally maintain theopposing fluid pressures thereon, equalized.

It might happen, in releasing the brakes, that the main piston 22 willnot move back to its full release position and if this should occur, thevalve 46 may not be unseated to permit the release of fluid from thetake-up brake cylinder 23.

In order to insure the exhaust of air from the take-up brake cylinder, asmall port 86 may be provided through the valve 46 which will permit theexhaust of fluid from the take-up brake cylinder, even if the valve 46remains seated.

In order to prevent possible leakage of fluid from the seat of the valvepiston 70 when the parts are in empty car position, the passage 69 isconnected through cavity 79 in the slide valve 6 with exhaust port 78.

Having now described my invention, What I claim as new and desire tosecure by Let ters Patent, is

1. In' an empty and load brake, the combination with a brake cylinderfor taking up the slack in the brake rigging and a brake cylinder forapplying the brakes with force, of an additional brake cylinder forapplying the brakes with greater force.

2. In an empty and load brake, the combination with a plurality of brakecylinders, of means for first supplying fluid to one brake cylinder,then to another, and finally to a third brake cylinder.

3. In an empty and load brake, the combination with a small brakecylinder for taking up the slack in the brake rigging, a second brakecylinder for applying the brakes with force, and a third brake cylinderfor applying the brakes with greater force, of means for first supplyingfluid to the first brake cylinder, then to the second, and finally tothe third brake cylinder. I

4. In an empty and load brake, the combination with a push rod, a brakecylinder piston for operating said rod to take up the slack in the brakerigging, a brake cylinder piston'for applying the brakes with force, andmeans for connecting said brake cylinder piston with said push rod, ofanother push 'rod operated by the movement of the brake rigging, a brakecylinder piston for operating same, and means for connecting the secondpush rod with the last mentioned brake cylinder piston.

5. In an empty and load brake, the combination with a main brakecylinder piston, a

ush rod, a brake cylinder piston for operatmg said rod to take up slackin the brake rigging and means for lockingthe main piston to said rod,of another push rod movable with the brake'rigging, a load brakecylinder piston and means for locking the load piston to the second pushrod.

6. In an empty and load brake, the combination with two auxiliaryreservoir chambers and a'load reservoir, of means for supplying fluidfrom both chambers for empty car braking, and for loaded ear braking,first from one of said chambers and then from both chambers and the loadreservoir.

7. In an empty and load brake, the combination'with a main brakecylinder, a takeup brake cylinder, and means operated at a predeterminedpressure in the take-up brake cylinder for supplying fluid to the mainbrake cylinder, of a load brake cylinder and the pressure on sail meansoperated at a predetermined pressure in the main brake cylinder forsupplying fluid to the load brake cylinder.

8. In an empty and load brake, the combination with a reservoir, a mainbrake cylinder, a take-up brake cylinder, and means operated at apredetermined pressure in the take-up brake cylinder for supplying fluidfrom said reservoir to the main brake cylinder, of an additionalreservoir, a load brake cylinder, means operated at a predetern'iinedpressure in the main brake cylinder for supplying fluid to the loadbrake cylinder, and means operated upon cutting in the load brakecylinder for supplying fluid from the additional reservoir to the brakecylinders.

9. In an empty and load brake, the combination with a main brakecylinder, a load brake cylinder, and means operated at a predeterminedpressure in the main brake cylinder for cutting in the load brakecylinder, of a supply reservoir, a valve device, and a valve operated bysaid means for varying valve device to operate same and thereby opencommunication for supplying fluid from said reservoir to the brakecylinders.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

WALTER V. TURNER.

